Rules and paperwork differ between states and towns, so use this as a general guide and check local requirements with your municipality or panchayat and your engineer.
1
Land and documents
- Check the title deed and get an encumbrance certificate for the plot.
- Confirm the land is approved for residential use.
- Get the boundaries measured and marked by a surveyor.
2
Soil test and design
- Get a soil test so the engineer can choose the right foundation.
- Finalise the floor plan with an architect or designer.
- Get a structural design (columns, beams, footings, slab) from a qualified engineer.
3
Approvals and budget
- Apply for building plan approval from your local authority (municipality or panchayat).
- Make a full budget including approvals, connections and a 10–15% reserve.
- Collect at least two written quotes and agree a stage-wise payment schedule.
4
Site preparation
- Arrange temporary water and electricity for construction.
- Clear and level the site; set out the house on the ground as per the drawings.
- Plan safe storage for cement, steel and tools.
5
Foundation and plinth
- Excavate to the depth in the structural drawings.
- Do anti-termite treatment before the foundation and floor.
- Lay the plinth and a damp-proof course (DPC) to stop moisture rising into walls.
- Cure concrete properly by keeping it wet for the period your engineer specifies.
6
Structure
- Columns, beams and the roof slab as per the structural drawings.
- Ask the engineer to check steel reinforcement before every concrete pour.
- Keep formwork in place and cure the slab for as long as the engineer advises.
7
Walls and roof
- Build walls with good-quality blocks or bricks and proper mortar joints.
- Fix door and window frames as walls go up.
- Waterproof the terrace and make sure rainwater drains away.
8
Electrical and plumbing (before plaster)
- Lay conduits for wiring, switchboards and fan points.
- Lay water supply and drain pipes; pressure-test them before closing walls.
- Waterproof bathroom floors and walls before tiling.
9
Plaster, flooring and finishes
- Plaster walls and ceilings, then cure.
- Lay floor and wall tiles; fix kitchen platform and fittings.
- Fit doors, windows, grills and paint.
10
Final connections and moving in
- Get permanent water, electricity and sewer or septic connections.
- Apply for a completion or occupancy certificate if your area requires one.
- Do a final walk-through and make a list of fixes before final payment.
The two steps never to skip: a structural design from a qualified engineer, and getting that engineer to check the steel before each concrete pour. They protect your family for the life of the house.
Planning your budget? Read how much it costs to build a 2BHK on a 30×40 plot.
Free house plans for your plot
Floor plans for 15×30, 20×40, 20×45, 30×40 and 30×50 ft plots — free to download as PDF.